wadsworth



(No Model.) 3 SheetsSheet 1.

J. WADSWORTH.

SWIVEL LOOM. No. 338,891. Patented Mar. 30, 1886.

3 Sheets-.Sheet 2.

(N0.Mode1.)

J. WADSWORTH.

SWIVEL LOOM.

No. 338,891. Patented Mar. 30,- 1886.

N PETERS. Photrrliuwgnpfnr. Washington. DC.

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Shget 3.

J. WADSWORTH.

SWIVEL LOOM.

No. 338,891. Patented Mar. 30, 1886.

,3 1 .Z w W %1 1 I z, X :33 i

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOSEPH \VADSWVORTH, OF PATERSON, NEW JERSEY.

SWlVEL-LOOM.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 338,891, dated March 30, 1886.

Application filed May 15, 1884. Serial No. 131,564. (No model.)

To aZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, J OSEPH WADswoRTH, of the city of Paterson, in the county of Passaic and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Swivel-Looms, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to that class of looms in which what are commonly known as swivel-shuttles are used, and the objects of my improvements are, first, to provide a loom in which the swivel-shuttles may be operated by power; and, secondly, to provide a loom in which the change from plain weaving to swivel-weaving may be made automatically and by a single endwise movement of the camshaft. 1 accomplish these objects by the devices shown in theaccompanying drawings, in which similar letters refer to like parts.

Figure 1 shows part of a loom, partially in section and partly broken out, and is a side elevation of a loom containing my improvements, looking from the right-hand side, the operator supposed to be standing at Q and facing in the direction of the arrow. Fig. 2 shows part of a loon1,partially in section, and is a side elevation of the same, looking from the left-hand side. Fig. 3 is a view of part of a loom,partly broken out, looking down upon the same from above, and shows more particularly the cam-shaft of the loom in position for plain weaving. This figure shows portions of the shoes or treadles which operate the picker'sticks of the fiy-shuttle of the treadles, by means of which the downward motion is given to the rack containing the swivel-shuttles, and of the lever K, which acts in connection with suitable devices,hereinafter described, to drive the swivel-shuttles, and also shows the device which acts in connection with a double cam on the camshaft to give to the latter the endwise movement hereinafter described. Fig. 4 shows a plan of the parts shown in Fig. 1 with the shaft D removed, the ca-m-shaft being adjusted for swivef-weaving. Fig. 5 is a front view of a loom, partly broken away, containing my improvements. Fig. 6 is a sectional view of the camshaft, double cam, and the device B, which acts in connection with the double cam to shift the camshaft, as hereinafter explained.

This figure shows a portion of theline orwire attached to the vibrating beam B, and which, through the intervention of the Jacquard or other similar mechanism, is made to oper ate the same, as hereinafter described. The figure also shows a portion of a cord, r,which is connected to a spring that holds the studs Z Z in the grooves on the double cam, as hereinafter set forth. Fig. 7 is a front View of the device B and double cam Y, showing the grooves in the same, and also showing a part of the cam-shaft and frame of the loom, the line or wire 19*, cord 1', and spring r. Fig. 7 also shows by means of dotted lines the position of the beam B when it has been turned on its axis for the purpose of operating in connection with the double cam to give the endwise movement to the cam-shaft, as hereinafter explained, and also indicates by dotted lines the position of said shaft and cam when the endwise movement has been effected. Fig. 8 isa rear view of the parts shown in Fig. 7. Fig. 9 shows the cam-shaft in section and a side View of the cam f, the lever L, which acts in connection with the lever K, link J, and a rack-and-pinion device to operate the swivelshuttles, as hereinafterdescribed, the lever K, its attached roller g, and stop is. Fig. 10 repsents in front elevation a portion of the swivel-rack, the latter being partly broken out.

X is the main frame of the loom; U, the take-up roller; T, the warp-roller. D is the main shaft,which, by means of the two cogwheels N and P, operates the cam-shaft (3. To this latter shaft are fixed the cams and devices which actuate the levers and other devices to operate the fly and swivel-shuttles, as hereinafter described. The diameter of the wheel 1? should be four times that of the wheel N, and the periphery of the latter should be twice as wide as that of the former, to allow for the shifting of the shaft 0, as hereinafter described.

R is the lay, provided with a race for the body or fly-shuttle.

E is the rack containing the swivel-shuttles V V V, which latter may be of any desired number and of the usual construction.

1. t are the treadles which, by means of the connections h h (shown in Fig. 5,) operate the picker-sticks s s of the fly-shuttle. 0 0

(shown in Fig. 5) are springs which operate to retract the picker-sticks after the latter have been moved to throw the fiy-shuttle.

a a are two treadles or levers hinged at F F, as shown in Fig. 4, which are operated by the roller-projections d d,attached to the arms I) b, as shown in Fig. 4. The treadles a a operate to pull downward against springs j j the rods i i, which are attached to the rack E, as shown in Fig. 1, and give to said'rack the necessary downward motion.

f is a cam which operates through the levers K L and rod J to give a horizontal or longitudinal motion to the swivel shuttles V V V.-

Attached to the wheel P at the right-hand end of the cam-shaft O and to the disk or arms 0 at the left-hand end of the said shaft are roller-projections z 2' z zz, which actuate the treadles t t, which in turn operate the picker-sticks s s, as hereinafter explained. The roller z should be twice the length of the roller 2 as shown in Fig. 5, and the rollers zz should project from the disk or arms 0 twice as far as the roller 2, as shown in Fig. 4, for the purposes hereinafter described.

h is a wedge-shaped plate attached to each of the treadles tt,on which the roller-projections z z, &c., strike.

The harness and other portions of the loom not necessary to a full understanding of my improvements are omitted from the drawlugs.

In a swivel-shuttle loom-such as my improvements relate tothe loom must be capable of two different movementsnamely, the plain or fly-shuttle movement, and the swivel and plain weaving movements-combined to produce the figure or pattern in the body of the web while the latter is being woven. In my improved loom these two movements are carried on in thefollowing manner: First, the loom having been adjusted for plain weaving, the camshaft G is in the position shown in Fig. 3. As the cam-shaft O revolves the rollerprojections z 2 at the right-hand end of said shaft, and the similar projections, z z at the other end of said shaft, alternately depress the treadles t t, which in turn operate the pickersticks s s,tothrow the fiy or body shuttle back and forth across the loom, as in ordinary weaving. The rollers z, 2 zfland z*must be so placed in relation to each other that they will act alternately, first operating the picker-stick at one side of the loom and then the picker-stick at the other side of the loom, and so on. The fly-shuttle is thereby caused to pass across the loom four times during one revolution of the shaft 0. This is the plain-weaving motion of the loom producing the body of the fabric, and is the first movement referred to above. The next operation is the introduction of the swivel-shuttles for the purpose of weaving figures or patterns. This is accomplished by shifting the shaft Owith its attached cams and rollers along the line of its horizontal axis from right to left, so that it will occupy the position shown in Fig. 4. By the shifting of the cam-shaft O a new set of cams and 1e vers is brought into action, and the operation of certain of the devices which were in action before the shifting of the shaft is arrested, while a portion of the devices which were in action before the shifting of the shaft remains in action after the shaft has been shifted.. The new cams and levers thus brought into play, acting in connection with the devices which remain in operation after the shifting of the shaft, as above stated. give the second movement above mentionednamely, the combined plain and swivel movement. Thus by referring to Fig. 4 it will readily be seen what changes have been effected by the shifting of the camshaft C. First, the roller projection 2, at the right-hand end of the shaft 0, and the similar projections, z z at the other end of said shaft, are thrown out of gear with the treadles t t,

and the roller 2 at the left-hand end of the shaft 0 is brought into operation with the treadle t, thereby omitting every other shot of the fly-shuttle, so that instead of the flyshuttle passing across the loom four times during each revolution of the shaft (3 it now passes but twice during the same time. To enable the rollers zz" the more readily to skip or miss thetreadle t, a portion of the plate h at the left-hand end of theloom is cut away, as shown at yin Fig. 5. In place of the eliminated shots of the fly-shuttle, the swivel-shuttles are called into action by means of the second change effected by the shifting of the cam-shaft (3- namely, that by which the arms b b, with their attached rollers d d, are caused to operate the treadles a aand to give to the rack E, contain v ing the swivelshuttles D D D, the necessary downward motion, and by which at the same time the cam f, through its connections K L J, is caused to drive the swivel-shuttles horizontally to weave the desired figure or pattern. The action of the fly-shuttle must al ternate with that of the swivel-shuttle. The operation then is as follows, reference being had to Figs. 4 and 5: As the cam-shaft 0 revolves the roller 2 depresses the treadle t to operate the picker-stick 8, thus throwing the fiy-shuttle from right to left. During the next quarter-turn of the shaft the roller 2 would operate the pickerstick at the left side of the loom to return the fly-shuttle were it not that by the shifting of the shaft 0 this roller is thrown out of gear, as above described. In its stead, the rollers d d, attachedto the arms b b, are brought into contact with the treadles ac, and, depressing the same, pull downward the rods 11 6, (against springs j j arranged around the same,) and theattached rack E, containing the swivel shuttles -V V V, is thus brought into position for theworking of said swivel-shuttles with the warp. Almost simultaneously with this downward movement the swivel-shuttles are driven longitudinally from right to left by means of the cam f, acting in connection with the levers K and L, rod J, and the rack-and-pinion mechanism hereinafter described. By referring to Figs. 5 and 9 it will be seen that on the outer edge of the wheelf, and extending half-way around the circumference of the disk, is a collar, 6, having its ends beveled. As the shaft G revolves, carrying with it the cam f, the roller which is attached to the lever K, coming into contact with the collar 6, is thrown outward, carrying with it the lever K, which in turn operates the vertical lever L, moving on the pivot on. To the free end of the lever L is attached the rod J, pivoted at 'u. The said rod J is connected with a rack-bar, V which rackbar is supported in the rack E, and is in engagement with pinions V, which in turn engage teeth V upon the swivel-shuttles V V V, the construction being substantially the same as that in use in ordinary swivel-shuttlelooms. (See Fig. 10.) Asthe lever K is thrown from right to left, theswivel-shuttles V V are driven in the same direction. As above stated, this longitudinal motion occurs almost simultaneously with the up-and-down movement hereinbefore described. The roller g is kept in close contact with the camfby means of the spring j, and is prevented from being operated by the cam when the shaft 0 has been shifted for plain weaving by thestop k. (Shown in Figs. 4 and 9.) By the time this double motion has been accomplished the shaft has made another quarter-turn, the rollers d d have released the treadles a a, and the springs around the rods 4. 13 throw upward the rack E and the shuttles V V, to remove the same from the working level and allow the fly-shuttle to pass without interference or collision. The cam-shaft having now entered upon the third quarter of its revolution, the roller 2 depresses the treadle t on the left-hand side, thereby operating the picker -stick 8 to throw the lily-shuttle back again across the loom from left to right, the roller 2 at the other end of the shaft at the same time passing inside the corresponding treadle twithout operating it, as above described. The cam shaft now begins the last quarter of its revolution. The roller 2 misses the treadle t on the left-hand side, as above explained. The rollers d d depress the treadles a a for the purposes above described, and the roller 9, having traversed the collar 6, leaves the same and is thrown to the right by the spring j, thereby, by means of its attached levers and rod, causing the swivel shuttles to make ashot from left to right. This completes one revolution of the shaft 0, and the operation is repeated as often as may be desired for the weaving of the figure or pattern. When it is desired to return to the plain weaving, the shaft 0 is shifted back again from left to right, and the action of the loom is then the same as that first above described.

It now remains to describe the manner of shifting the camshaft O. This is accomplished automatically by the devices shown in the accompanying drawings. The devices consist of the double cam Y,which is rigidly fastened to the cam-shaft, and its cooperating device B, hereinafter described. The cam Y is provided with two sets of slots or grooves, m p and m p. The grooves m m extend entirely around the cylinder Y and in planes at right angles to the horizontal axis of the same. The grooves p p are parallel with the grooves m m, but extend only about half-way around the cylinder Y, and connect with the grooves m m through rather abrupt slideways 10 f, as shown in Fig. 8. The beam B turns on its axis g, which is rigidly fixed to the frame of the loom, and which is in a plane at right angles to the horizontal axis of the shaft 0. The arms of the beam B are provided with studs Z l, and the beam is placed immediately over the double cam Y, so that the ends of the studs Z Z may be dropped into the groovesp p in the manner and for the purposes hereinafter described. As the cam-shaft C revolves, carrying with it the double cam Y, the beam B is turned upon its axis until the end of the stud Z rests upon the plain surface of the cylinder Y, as shown in dotted lines in Fig. 7. As the shaft continues to revolve the studl drops into the groove 1) at a, and, following the course of the groove 19, it suddenly passes into the groove in through the slideway 12 and as the beam B and studs Z Z are not permitted any lateral movement, the shaft 0 is shifted along the line of its horizontal axis from left to right into the position indicated by the dotted lines in Fig. 7. The stud Zwill then continue to move in the groove m until it is desired to shift the shaft back again into its original position, in which case the beam B is turned back on its axis as before, and the other stud, Z, operates in the grooves 10 m and slideways p in like manner as above described to shift the shaft in the opposite direction. The studs are kept firmly in the grooves by means of the spring r, one end of which is made fast to the floor or frame of the loom, and the other is connected by a cord, r, to the handle 10 of the beam B, as shown in Fig. 6. The beam B is made to act automatically through the intervention of the Jacquard or other similar mechanism by means of the rod or wire p attached to the handle 20, as shown in Figs. 6 and 8. Thus Fig. 7 repre sents the double cam as holding the shaft 0 in position for swivel-weaving. If it be desired to change to plain weaving, the Jacquard mechanism is caused to lift the rod or wire p, thereby lifting the stud Z out of the groove m, and at the same time turning the beam B on its axis until the end of the stud Zon the opposite arm of the beam drops upon the surface of the cam and thence into the grooves 19 and m, as above described, thereby shifting the shaft 0 from left to right. I do not, however, wish to limit myself to any particular form or shape of the device B. It

is very obvious that the function to be performed by this device is the dropping into the grooves of the double cam Y of a stud, which shall be held rigidly in position for the purpose of acting in connection with the said double cam Y, to give an endwise movement to the cam-shaft Q, as above described. This completes the description of myimprovements in swivel-looms and of the operation of the same.

I am aware that prior to my invention improvements in looms have been made having in view the same end which Iattain by my improvement, and I am also aware that prior to myinvention improvementsin looms havebeen made whereby an endwise movement has been given to the camshaft for the purpose of changing the action of the loom; but such improvements are essentially different from my improvement in the mechanical devices employed and in the construction and arrangement of the several parts.

Although I have described certain forms of devices, it is obvious that other well-known substitutes may be employed for the same purposes. Thus, instead of having the two treadles a a and the two sets of arms 12 b to impart the vertical motion to the rack E, the two rods i 2' may be connected by a bar, and one treadle and one cam used instead of two. Likewise some substitute for the beam B may be used to operate the cam Y as above stated, and so with other of the devices used. Of course care must be taken to arrange the several cams and rollers on the shaft 0 in such relative positions to each other that they will produce the necessary movements at the proper times.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to seoure'by Letters Patent, is

1. The combination of the shaft D, cam-shaft O, gear-wheels N and M for rotating said camshaft, rollers z, z, z, z and 2, arranged on said cam-shaft in relation to each other substantially as described, treadles t t, picker-sticks s 8, connections hh", springs 0 0*, double cam Y,

and device B, all constructed substantially as.

described, and adapted to operate the body or fly shuttle in both plain and swivel weaving, substantially as set forth and described.

2. The combination of the sliding cam-shaft 0, double cam Y, vibrating beam B, with the arms b b and their attached rollers dd, treadles a a, rods 72 i, springs j j rack E, and lay R, constructed and arranged substantially as described, and adapted to sink the rack E, essentially as and for the purposes set forth and described.

3. The combination of the shaft D, sliding cam-shaft 0, double cam Y, vibrating beam B, and gearing N M for rotating said camshaft, with the cam f, levers K L, and rod J, rack E, rack-bar V, connected to rod J, pinions V, and the swivel-shuttles V V, sub: stantially as shown and described, and adaptedto drive the swivel-shuttles, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

4. The combination of the shaft D, sliding cam-shaft 0, double cam Y, vibrating beam B, gearing N M, arms b b, and rollers d d, with treadles a a, rods 6 i, springs j" j", rack E, lay B, camf, levers K L, and rod J, rack-bar V pinions V',and the swivel-shuttles V V,the several parts being constructed and arranged in relation to each other substantially as described, and adapted to operate the swivelshuttles, substantially as and for the purposes set forth and described.

5. The combination of the shaft D, camshaft C, and gearing N M for rotating said cam-shaft, with the double cam Y and device B, which latteris constructed to be controlled by the Jacquard or other pattern machanism, and operates conjointly with the double cam Y in the manner described to impart an endwise movement to the cam-shaft O, substantially as set forth'and described.

6. The pivoted beam B and projecting studs l 1, adapted to be controlled by the Jacquard or other pattern mechanism, in combination with the double cam Y, shaft D, camshaft C; and gearing N M, substantially as and for the purposes set forth and described.

7. The combination of the shaft D, camshaft C, and gearing N -M with the double cam Y, beam B, and studs Z Z, said beam and studs adapted to be controlled by the Jacquard or other pattern mechanism, rollers z, z, z, z, and z, and the treadles t t, picker-sticks s 8, connections h h springs o 0 armsbb,rollers d d, treadles a a, rods 0' i, springs 9' j", cam f, the levers L K, rod J, lay R, rack E, rack-bar V pinions V, and shuttles V V, all constructed and arranged substantially as and for the purposes set forth and described. I

JOSEPH WADSWORTH.

In presence of- JOSEPH G. OREAMER, WILLIAM 0. SMITH. 

